The invasive routes of refined naphthalene: inhalation, ingestion and percutaneous absorption. Health hazard: it has stimulating effect, and high concentration will cause hemolytic anemia and liver and kidney damage.

精萘的侵入途徑：吸入、食入、經皮吸收。

The invasive routes of refined naphthalene: inhalation, ingestion and percutaneous absorption.

健康危害：具有刺激作用，高濃度致溶血性貧血及肝、腎損害。

Health hazard: it has stimulating effect, and high concentration will cause hemolytic anemia and liver and kidney damage.

精萘

Refined naphthalene

慢性中毒：反復接觸精萘蒸氣，可引起乏力、惡心、嘔吐和血液系統損害。可引起白內障、視神經炎和視網膜病變。皮膚接觸可引起皮炎。

Chronic poisoning: repeated exposure to refined naphthalene vapor can cause fatigue, nausea, vomiting and blood system damage. It can cause cataract, optic neuritis and retinopathy. Skin contact can cause dermatitis.

急性中毒：吸入高濃度萘蒸氣或粉塵時，出現眼及呼吸道刺激、角膜混濁、惡心、嘔吐、食欲減退、腰痛、尿頻、尿中出現蛋白及紅白細胞。

Acute poisoning: eye and respiratory tract irritation, corneal opacity, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, low back pain, frequent urination, protein and red and white blood cells in urine when inhaling high concentration naphthalene vapor or dust.

精萘亦可發生視神經炎和視網膜炎。重者可發生中毒性腦病和肝損害。口服中毒主要引起溶血和肝、腎損害，甚至發生急性腎功能衰竭和肝壞死。

Naphthalene can also produce optic neuritis and retinitis. Severe cases can have toxic encephalopathy and liver damage. Oral poisoning mainly causes hemolysis, liver and kidney damage, and even acute renal failure and liver necrosis.

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